MODEL ANSWER:

The generation of electricity in a geothermal plant is picturised in the given diagram.

As is shown by the diagram, cold water is channeled deep into the earth in the first stage, until it reaches a place which is suitable for thermal energy exchange. At a specific depth, the earth’s temperature is transferred to this water and steam thus obtained is pumped back to the earth’s surface to a heat exchanger. As it reaches exchanger, the pressure mounts,and the steam is expelled forcefully through a narrow tube which turns the turbines swiftly. The mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy in the alternator. As demand arises, with the assistance of transformers, the power is distributed. The hot steam which passes past the turbine is taken to the cooling tower in which it condenses to water. This is then channeled to a large condenser, where its temperature is further brought down and the cycle continues.

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