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The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of the world during 1990s.

Dec 23, 2020 / Academic / 4:52 pm

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Data regarding the causes of land degradation globally is depicted in the pie chart, while the region- wise degradation in 1990s is illustrated in the table.

Overall, it is clear that the causes of the issue vary. Similarly, the extent of the damage it caused in various regions over the given decade too varied.

As per the pie chart, it is clear that most areas become less-productive due to over-grazing, and this accounts for just over a third (35%) of the total agricultural land. The next major factors are deforestation and over-cultivation, and due to these approximately 30%  and 28% of the farmland gets degraded respectively. Other causes collectively make 7% of the land less-productive.

Turning to the extent of damage, the worst affected area was Europe. Of its 23% degraded land in 1990s, 9.8 % was due to deforestation, 7.7% was due to over-cultivation and about 5.5% was due to over-grazing. The second worst affected area was Oceania, with around 13%. Of this, 11.3% was due to over-grazing. The least affected region was North America, that was 5%, and the major cause here was over-cultivation (3.3%).

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